MIT 光學(xué) PPT (PDF版）23次課 下附目錄 {Q$8p2W  
1 Introduction; brief history of optics; absorption, refraction; laws of reflection and refraction ZGh6- /  
2 Laws of reflection and refraction; prisms; dispersion; paraboloidal reflector ZZkc)
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3 Perfect focusing; paraboloidal reflector; ellipsoidal refractor; introduction to imaging; perfect on-axis imaging using aspheric lenses; imperfect imaging using spherical surfaces; paraxial approximation; ray transfer matrices t;3).F  
4 Sign conventions; thin lens; real and virtual images :_HdOm  
5 Imaging at finite distances with thin lenses; thick lenses; the human eye; image formation by a composite lens DQu)?Rsk  
6 Aperture stop; entrance and exit pupils; numerical aperture (NA); field stop; entrance and exit windows; field of view (FoV) a6:hH@,  
7 Ray tracing with mirrors; basic optical systems: single lens magnifier, eyepiece, microscope %8DI)n#H  
8 Basic optical systems (cont.): telescope; chromatic aberration; geometrical aberrations: spherical, coma X^&--@l}T!  
9 Geometrical aberrations (cont.): astigmatism, field curvature, distortion; optical design demo; GRadient INdex (GRIN) optics: quadratic and axial profile; introduction to the Hamiltonian formulation J=kf KQV  
11 Hamiltonian formulation of ray tracing; analogies between Hamiltonian optics and Hamiltonian mechanics; introduction to waves L^CB#5uG  
12 1D wave equation; complex (phasor) representation; 3D waves: plane, spherical GK6~~ga=  
13 3D waves: plane, spherical; dispersive waves; group velocity; spatial frequencies; introduction to electromagnetics; Maxwell's equations; derivation of the wave equation for light M7Xn=jc  
14 Maxwell's equations (cont.); polarization justification of the refractive index; electromagnetic energy flux and Poynting's vector; irradiance (intensity) =`(W^&|  
15 Interference; Michelson and Mach-Zehnder interferometers; Huygens principle; Young interferometer; Fresnel diffraction {C]tS5$Z  
16 Gratings: amplitude, phase, sinusoidal, binary w `d9" n  
17 Fraunhofer diffraction; review of Fourier transforms and theorems D{d%*hlI 3  
18 Spatial filtering; the transfer function of Fresnel propagation; Fourier transforming properties of lenses 'HV@i)h0%V  
19 4F system (telescope with finite conjugates) as a cascade of Fourier transforms; binary amplitude and phase pupil masks; Point Spread Function (PSF) "-:g.x*d  
20 Shift invariance; Amplitude Transfer Function (ATF); lateral and angular magnification in the 4F system; relationship between NA, PSF, and ATF; sampling and the Space Bandwidth Product (SBP); advanced spatial filtering: pupil engineering, phase contrast imaging; Talbot effect QaE!?R  
22 Temporal and spatial coherence; spatially incoherent imaging; Optical Transfer Function (OTF) and Modulation Transfer Function (MTF); comparison of coherent and incoherent imaging #$U/*~m $  
23 Imaging with a single lens; resolution \O~/^ Y3U!  
25 Resolution (cont.); defocused optical systems